İNGİLİZCE KOÇUM

Stoicism: A Philosophy of Resilience and Inner Peace Stoicism is a school of philosophy that originated in ancient Greece, around the 3rd century B.C. This philosophy teaches individuals how to find inner peace, tranquility, and resilience in the face of life's challenges. The central idea of stoicism is that we cannot control external events, but we can control our reactions to them. One of the key figures associated with stoicism is the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. His book "Meditations" offers insights into the stoic approach to life and has inspired many to adopt a more philosophical mindset when it comes to dealing with adversity. Stoicism encourages individuals to focus on what is within their control and let go of what is not. This includes accepting that setbacks and obstacles are a natural part of life and that one's response to these challenges is what truly matters. By practicing stoic principles, individuals can develop greater resilience, emotional stab

Who, Which and That in Defining Relative Clauses Relative pronouns "who," "which," and "that" play a crucial role in defining relative clauses by connecting additional information to the main clause. These pronouns can serve both as subjects and objects within these clauses. The kitten which is in the box is cute. Did you see the girl who was running in the forest? They live in a house which is very old. I don't know the people who are swimming in the lake. Relative Pronouns as Subjects 1. ** Who ** - Refers specifically to people.    - **As a Subject**: Describes the person performing the action in the clause.      - Example : "The person who  ordered the pizza hasn't arrived yet."      - In this sentence, "who" acts as the subject carrying out the action of ordering the pizza. 2. ** Which ** - Refers to animals or things.    - **As a Subject**: Describes the animal or thing performing the action in the clause.      - Example :

Why has Iran attacked Israel? Iran attacked Israel with drones and missiles after saying it would respond to a lethal attack on its consulate in Damascus, Syria. Although Israel hasn't admitted to attacking the consulate, many think it was responsible. This is the first time Iran has directly attacked Israel. Before this, Israel and Iran had been secretly attacking each other's interests for years without openly claiming responsibility. The intensity of these attacks has significantly increased during the ongoing war in Gaza, which began with the Palestinian group Hamas's attack on Israeli areas last October. Why are Israel and Iran enemies? Before 1979, the two countries were allies; that is to say, they were friends. However, in 1979, Iran went through a big change called the Islamic revolution, and since then, the government there has strongly opposed Israel.  Iran does not accept that Israel should exist and wants to get rid of it.  Iran's top leader, Ayatollah Ali

 🍀✨ Feeling lucky? Want to increase your luck even more? Here are a few simple yet powerful ways! ✨🍀 1. ** Stay Positive **: Luck favors the optimists! Keep your outlook positive, and you’ll notice more opportunities coming your way. 2. ** Be Open to New Experiences **: Sometimes, stepping out of your comfort zone can lead you to the most fortunate surprises. Say yes to new adventures! 3. ** Listen to Your Intuition **: Often, our gut feelings guide us to lucky opportunities. Trust your instincts! 4. ** Surround Yourself with Positive People **: Luck is contagious. Hang out with positive and lucky people, and you might just catch some of their good fortune. 5. ** Prepare for Opportunities **: Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity. Keep honing your skills and knowledge so you’re ready when luck knocks. 6. ** Give Generously **: Luck and karma go hand in hand. The more you give, the more you receive. Be generous, and watch your luck increase. 7. ** Practice Gratitude

Fill in the blanks with the words you hear The __1__ city of Aspendos is a very special place in Antalya, Türkiye. It is __2__ for its big and beautiful theater. Long ago, people built this city near a __3__. The weather is often sunny and warm, making it a great place to __4__. When you walk into Aspendos, you can see the __5__ theater first. It is very old, from a time __6__ the Roman era. __7__ sitting there watching plays and music shows like people did many years ago. The theater is so well __8__, it looks almost like it did back then. __9__ today, people use it for concerts because the sound can travel very __10__ without a microphone. __11__ the theater, there are other ruins to __12__. You can see the __13__ of old roads, walls, and water pipes. These show how people lived, worked, and played in Aspendos a long time __14__. Aspendos is not __15__ about ruins. It is a place where stories from the past seem to come __16__. When you visit, you can feel __17__ a time traveler, seei

Mount Nemrut: A Peek into Ancient Times Mount Nemrut is a tall mountain __________ in the southeastern part of Türkiye, in the Adıyaman province. It is very special because it is not just a beautiful natural site but also a place filled with __________. This mountain, which is 2,134 meters high, is famous for its huge statues that were __________ over 2,000 years ago, around the 1st century BC. People visit it because it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, meaning it is recognized as an __________ place for the whole world. The story behind these statues is __________. They were built by King Antiochus I of Commagene, a place that used to exist where the mountain stands. King Antiochus wanted to show how __________ cultures and religions can come together, so he had statues made that mixed Greek and Persian styles. These statues were originally part of a __________ complex for the king, with figures of gods sitting on their thrones. Now, what we see are the __________ heads of these statu

The Passive Voice in English The passive voice in English is formed when the focus of the sentence is on the action or the recipient of the action, not on who or what is performing the action. **Basic Structure of Passive Voice:** - **Form**: be + past participle of the main verb - **General formula**: Subject + Auxiliary Verb (be) + the 3rd form of the main verb (Past Participle) + by + Agent **Present Tense** **Simple Present** - **Active**: The chef cooks the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is cooked by the chef. **Present Continuous** - **Active**: The chef is cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is being cooked by the chef. **Past Tense** **Simple Past** - **Active**: The chef cooked the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was cooked by the chef. **Past Continuous** - **Active**: The chef was cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was being cooked by the chef. **Future Tense** **Simple Future** - **Active**: The chef will cook the meal. - **Passive**: The meal will be cooked by t

A) Listen to two people talking about the past and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. 1. Person 1: "If only I had pursued my passion for ___________ instead of __________ to others, I might __________ been a successful artist today. I ___________ not following my heart back _________." 2. Person 2: "Looking back, I wish I had taken that job offer ___________. Maybe my life ___________ have been more ___________ and fulfilling. But I've come to ___________ that everything __________ for a reason." B) Listen to the recording and complete the following statements with suitable words 1. The Maiden's Tower is a famous building located in __________. 2. It sits on a small island at the entrance of the __________. 3. The tower was first constructed by people from __________ in 408 BC to __________. 4. Over the years, the Maiden's Tower has been __________ and rebuilt many times. 5. The current look of the tower was established in the __________ century

  What makes you laugh? **Radio Host** : Welcome back, listeners! Today's topic is all about laughter—what tickles your funny bone? We've got our first caller on the line. Hey there, you're live! What makes you laugh? **Caller 1** : Hey! Thanks for having me. For me, nothing beats a good pun. It's all about that moment when you realize there's a second layer to what you've just heard. Like, I heard this one the other day, "I’m reading a book on the history of glue. Can’t put it down." It's simple but so clever! **Radio Host** : (Laughs) That’s a good one! It really sticks with you. Thanks for sharing! Let's hear from our next caller. What's your source of laughter? **Caller 2** : Hi! I'm all about those funny moments in everyday life. You know, those situations you can't make up even if you tried. Like when you walk into a room and forget why you’re there, but it turns out you went to get your phone, which you’ve been holding in you

Speaking question: What makes you happy? Happiness J asmine "Good morning! This is Jasmine. You know, thinking about what truly makes me happy, I'd immediately say it's the time I spend with my family. Just last weekend, we had this impromptu picnic in the park. It was nothing fancy, just some homemade sandwiches and lemonade. But the laughter, the games, and even the quiet moments of just sitting together, watching the kids play – those are my treasures. It's in these simple, unplanned moments that I find profound happiness. It reminds me of the beauty of connection and how the simplest things can indeed be the most beautiful." Mark "Hey there, I'm Mark. What makes me happy, you ask? Achievement. I spent years working towards a specific career milestone. There were countless late nights, setbacks, and moments of doubt. But then, the moment I achieved what I'd been striving for, it was surreal. The happiness I felt wasn't just because I'd reac

The Meaning of Ramadan  During the holy month of Ramadan, the air was filled with a sense of spirituality and togetherness. Families gathered for pre-dawn meals, known as suhoor, before the fasting began at sunrise. The days were long and challenging, but the faithful persisted, refraining from food and drink until sunset. As the sun dipped below the horizon, the call to prayer echoed through the streets, signaling the time to break the fast with iftar. The feasts were not just about indulging in delicious food; they were a celebration of gratitude, community, and compassion. The act of fasting was not just about abstaining from physical nourishment; it was a symbolic act of self-discipline, reflection, and empathy. In the midst of the month-long fast, a young boy named Ali learned the true meaning of Ramadan. His parents had always taught him that the purpose of fasting was not just about hunger and thirst, but about fostering a deeper connection with Allah and practicing empathy for

Share your views on the importance of learning a second language. Hello, everyone! Today, I want to talk about why learning a second language is so important. Imagine being able to speak, read, and understand words from another world. That's what it feels like when you learn a new language. Why it’s good for you:  First, learning another language is like discovering a new part of yourself. It makes you smarter, helps you solve problems better, and can even improve your memory. It’s also your ticket to understanding people from different cultures. By learning their language, you start to see the world the way they do, and that’s a beautiful thing. How it helps your career:  Secondly, knowing two languages makes you stand out when you’re looking for a job. Many companies work with people from different countries and they really value employees who can speak more than one language. It’s not just about talking—understanding another culture can help you in jobs like diplomacy, where you

  English Jokes - Why did the bicycle fall over when it fell in love?  - Because it got two-tired from all the sudden emotions wheeling around!  Love can make you feel like you're on a roller coaster ride! 😄 - Why did the knight stop writing love letters to the princess? - Because every time he got close, she drew another line in the moat! - Why don't some couples go to the gym?  - Because some relationships don't work out! 😄 - Why did the skeleton break up with his girlfriend?  - He didn't have the guts for a long-term commitment!  Love can sometimes be quite bone-chilling! 😄 - Why did the beautiful woman join the orchestra? - Because she knew she could string anyone along! - Why did the politician start gardening? - To practice planting seeds of doubt in their opponents' arguments! - Why did the politician go to art class? - Because he wanted to learn how to draw conclusions. - Why do language learners always get lost? - Because they can't find the right wo

What is self-esteem and how to improve it Self-esteem is all about how we feel about ourselves. It's important because it affects how we think and act. Having good self-esteem means liking ourselves, even with our imperfections. It's about believing in our abilities and knowing that we deserve respect and kindness, starting from within. When we have healthy self-esteem, we feel more confident and capable of handling challenges. It helps us grow, learn, and take on new experiences without being too hard on ourselves. Remember, having good self-esteem doesn't mean being perfect. It's about recognizing our strengths, working on our weaknesses, and understanding that we are valuable and worthy of love and respect. Let's all work on building our self-esteem, supporting each other, and creating a more positive world where we can be our best selves. Thank you. Questions   1. What is self-esteem primarily about according to the text? 2. How does having good self-esteem affe