İNGİLİZCE KOÇUM

The Passive Voice in English The passive voice in English is formed when the focus of the sentence is on the action or the recipient of the action, not on who or what is performing the action. **Basic Structure of Passive Voice:** - **Form**: be + past participle of the main verb - **General formula**: Subject + Auxiliary Verb (be) + the 3rd form of the main verb (Past Participle) + by + Agent **Present Tense** **Simple Present** - **Active**: The chef cooks the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is cooked by the chef. **Present Continuous** - **Active**: The chef is cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is being cooked by the chef. **Past Tense** **Simple Past** - **Active**: The chef cooked the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was cooked by the chef. **Past Continuous** - **Active**: The chef was cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was being cooked by the chef. **Future Tense** **Simple Future** - **Active**: The chef will cook the meal. - **Passive**: The meal will be cooked by t

A) Listen to two people talking about the past and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. 1. Person 1: "If only I had pursued my passion for ___________ instead of __________ to others, I might __________ been a successful artist today. I ___________ not following my heart back _________." 2. Person 2: "Looking back, I wish I had taken that job offer ___________. Maybe my life ___________ have been more ___________ and fulfilling. But I've come to ___________ that everything __________ for a reason." B) Listen to the recording and complete the following statements with suitable words 1. The Maiden's Tower is a famous building located in __________. 2. It sits on a small island at the entrance of the __________. 3. The tower was first constructed by people from __________ in 408 BC to __________. 4. Over the years, the Maiden's Tower has been __________ and rebuilt many times. 5. The current look of the tower was established in the __________ century

  What makes you laugh? **Radio Host** : Welcome back, listeners! Today's topic is all about laughter—what tickles your funny bone? We've got our first caller on the line. Hey there, you're live! What makes you laugh? **Caller 1** : Hey! Thanks for having me. For me, nothing beats a good pun. It's all about that moment when you realize there's a second layer to what you've just heard. Like, I heard this one the other day, "I’m reading a book on the history of glue. Can’t put it down." It's simple but so clever! **Radio Host** : (Laughs) That’s a good one! It really sticks with you. Thanks for sharing! Let's hear from our next caller. What's your source of laughter? **Caller 2** : Hi! I'm all about those funny moments in everyday life. You know, those situations you can't make up even if you tried. Like when you walk into a room and forget why you’re there, but it turns out you went to get your phone, which you’ve been holding in you

Speaking question: What makes you happy? Happiness J asmine "Good morning! This is Jasmine. You know, thinking about what truly makes me happy, I'd immediately say it's the time I spend with my family. Just last weekend, we had this impromptu picnic in the park. It was nothing fancy, just some homemade sandwiches and lemonade. But the laughter, the games, and even the quiet moments of just sitting together, watching the kids play – those are my treasures. It's in these simple, unplanned moments that I find profound happiness. It reminds me of the beauty of connection and how the simplest things can indeed be the most beautiful." Mark "Hey there, I'm Mark. What makes me happy, you ask? Achievement. I spent years working towards a specific career milestone. There were countless late nights, setbacks, and moments of doubt. But then, the moment I achieved what I'd been striving for, it was surreal. The happiness I felt wasn't just because I'd reac

The Meaning of Ramadan  During the holy month of Ramadan, the air was filled with a sense of spirituality and togetherness. Families gathered for pre-dawn meals, known as suhoor, before the fasting began at sunrise. The days were long and challenging, but the faithful persisted, refraining from food and drink until sunset. As the sun dipped below the horizon, the call to prayer echoed through the streets, signaling the time to break the fast with iftar. The feasts were not just about indulging in delicious food; they were a celebration of gratitude, community, and compassion. The act of fasting was not just about abstaining from physical nourishment; it was a symbolic act of self-discipline, reflection, and empathy. In the midst of the month-long fast, a young boy named Ali learned the true meaning of Ramadan. His parents had always taught him that the purpose of fasting was not just about hunger and thirst, but about fostering a deeper connection with Allah and practicing empathy for

Share your views on the importance of learning a second language. Hello, everyone! Today, I want to talk about why learning a second language is so important. Imagine being able to speak, read, and understand words from another world. That's what it feels like when you learn a new language. Why it’s good for you:  First, learning another language is like discovering a new part of yourself. It makes you smarter, helps you solve problems better, and can even improve your memory. It’s also your ticket to understanding people from different cultures. By learning their language, you start to see the world the way they do, and that’s a beautiful thing. How it helps your career:  Secondly, knowing two languages makes you stand out when you’re looking for a job. Many companies work with people from different countries and they really value employees who can speak more than one language. It’s not just about talking—understanding another culture can help you in jobs like diplomacy, where you

  English Jokes - Why did the bicycle fall over when it fell in love?  - Because it got two-tired from all the sudden emotions wheeling around!  Love can make you feel like you're on a roller coaster ride! 😄 - Why did the knight stop writing love letters to the princess? - Because every time he got close, she drew another line in the moat! - Why don't some couples go to the gym?  - Because some relationships don't work out! 😄 - Why did the skeleton break up with his girlfriend?  - He didn't have the guts for a long-term commitment!  Love can sometimes be quite bone-chilling! 😄 - Why did the beautiful woman join the orchestra? - Because she knew she could string anyone along! - Why did the politician start gardening? - To practice planting seeds of doubt in their opponents' arguments! - Why did the politician go to art class? - Because he wanted to learn how to draw conclusions. - Why do language learners always get lost? - Because they can't find the right wo

What is self-esteem and how to improve it Self-esteem is all about how we feel about ourselves. It's important because it affects how we think and act. Having good self-esteem means liking ourselves, even with our imperfections. It's about believing in our abilities and knowing that we deserve respect and kindness, starting from within. When we have healthy self-esteem, we feel more confident and capable of handling challenges. It helps us grow, learn, and take on new experiences without being too hard on ourselves. Remember, having good self-esteem doesn't mean being perfect. It's about recognizing our strengths, working on our weaknesses, and understanding that we are valuable and worthy of love and respect. Let's all work on building our self-esteem, supporting each other, and creating a more positive world where we can be our best selves. Thank you. Questions   1. What is self-esteem primarily about according to the text? 2. How does having good self-esteem affe

Describe an archaeological site in English  Göbeklitepe Göbeklitepe, found in Türkiye, is a really old archaeological site. It's more than 10,000 years old and has huge stone pillars arranged in circles. These pillars are carved with animals and symbols. People think it was used for ceremonies or maybe as a temple where early humans gathered for rituals and events. When Göbeklitepe was discovered, it changed what we knew about early human history. It shows that organized religion and community activities existed much earlier than we thought. The detailed carvings and smart planning at the site suggest a society with impressive building skills and artistic talents. In short, Göbeklitepe gives us a cool peek into the lives and beliefs of our ancient ancestors. It shows how clever and creative early humans were, sparking curiosity and wonder for those who learn about this special place. Pillars with carvings  Difficult   Göbeklitepe, located in southeastern Türkiye, is an archaeologic

Speaking Practice Questions for Pre-intermediate English Learners 1. What do you like to do in your free time? 2. Describe your favorite food and why you like it. 3. Talk about a place you would like to visit and why. 4.  What household chores are you responsible and why is it important to share housework in the family? 5. What are your hobbies and interests? 6. Discuss a book or movie you recently enjoyed. 7. Talk about a memorable vacation or trip you took. 8. Describe a typical celebration or holiday in your culture. 9. Discuss your future plans or goals. 10. Describe a favorite childhood memory. 11. Discuss the importance of rules in life. 12. Talk about your travel plans. 13. What are the consequences of wasting energy sources? Speaking Practice questions for Intermediate English learners: 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city? 2. Describe a recent news story that caught your attention and discuss its significance. 3. Talk about a famous person who y

Talk about a famous person who you admire and explain why. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was a very important leader who helped create modern-day Turkey. I really look up to him because he changed Turkey in many good ways. He made sure that Turkey became a country that is fair for everyone, no matter their religion. Atatürk also believed that everyone, including women, should have the chance to be educated and have important roles in society. One thing that Atatürk did that I find impressive is his focus on education. He wanted to make sure that people in Turkey had the opportunity to learn and grow to help their country. He also made it easier for people to read and write by changing the alphabet they used. Atatürk was also a strong leader during tough times in Turkey's history. He fought for his country's independence and worked hard to make Turkey a strong and modern nation. His ideas and leadership have inspired many people in Turkey and around the world. In summary, Mustafa Kemal

The Consequences of Wasting Energy Sources   Wasting energy sources can lead to several problems: 1. **Higher Costs**: When we use more energy than we need, it costs more money for families, businesses, and governments. 2. **Environmental Damage**: Wasting energy often means more pollution, which can hurt animals, plants, and our health. It can also make the Earth's climate change in dangerous ways. 3. **Running Out of Resources**: Many types of energy come from resources that can run out, like coal, oil, and natural gas. If we waste energy, these resources might not last as long as we need them to. 4. **Increased Dependence**: Relying too much on energy sources, especially those that can be used up, can make a country more dependent on importing energy from others, which might not always be reliable or safe. So, saving energy is important for saving money, protecting the environment, keeping our resources for a longer time, and making sure we have stable and safe energy sources.

What household chores are you responsible and why is it important to share housework in the family? At home, I have a few chores I need to do. First, I wash dishes every two days. It's like fighting with the leftovers that stick to the plates. Then, I use the vacuum cleaner once a week to clean the living room, hallway, and my room. It's a bit like a game, trying to catch all the dust. I also do the laundry, which feels like doing a magic trick: dirty clothes in, clean clothes out. But folding clothes? That's harder for me, like trying to solve a puzzle. Now, why is it important that we all share chores? Well, it teaches us how to take care of things and be responsible. It's like practice for when we're older and have our own places. When we all help out, it feels like we're a team. It makes the chores easier and helps us feel close as a family. Sharing chores means no one is too tired to have fun together. We can all watch a movie or play games because no one i

My Travel Plans I'm going to Tokyo, Japan, with my family. It's a place I really want to visit because I love Japanese culture and anime. My family means my mom, dad, and younger sister. We usually have fun on trips, even though sometimes we argue a bit. That's normal, I think. We have lots of plans in Tokyo. First, we want to see the Shibuya Crossing. It's a busy place with lots of people. It's famous and exciting. I also want to go to Akihabara because I like anime and manga. It's a great place to buy comics and cool tech stuff. We'll visit the Senso-ji Temple too. It's old and beautiful, with lots of history. I'm excited to try Japanese food like ramen, sushi, and takoyaki. My whole family wants to try different foods. We're staying in two places. First, in a ryokan, which is a traditional Japanese inn, in Shinjuku. It's to learn more about Japanese culture. Then, we'll stay in a modern hotel in Shibuya. I can't wait for this trip.

Mini Dialogues in English  1. Ordering Coffee: Customer: Hi, can I have a large black coffee, please? Barista: Sure, one large black coffee coming right up. That'll be $3.50. 2. Asking for Directions: Tourist: Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the museum? Local: Of course! Go straight down this street, take a left at the second intersection, and you'll see it on your right. Asking for Directions in English 3. Making a Doctor's Appointment: Patient: I need to schedule an appointment with Dr. Smith, please. Receptionist: Sure, how about next Tuesday at 10:00 AM? 4. At the Grocery Store: Shopper: Where can I find the dairy section? Employee: It's at the back of the store, on the left-hand side. 5. Meeting a Friend: Person 1: Hey, long time no see! How have you been? Person 2: I've been good, thanks. How about you? 6. Making Small Talk: Person 1: The weather has been really nice lately, hasn't it? Person 2: Yes, it's been lovely. I hope it stays this way

Travel Guide to Kastamonu, Türkiye Welcome to the enchanting city of Kastamonu, a hidden gem nestled in the heart of Türkiye's Black Sea region. This captivating city boasts a rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty, making it an ideal destination for travelers seeking an authentic Turkish experience away from the hustle and bustle of the more frequented tourist spots. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply in search of tranquility, Kastamonu has something special for everyone. History and Culture Kastamonu's history stretches back thousands of years, with influences from the Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans sculpting the city's architectural and cultural landscape. A walk through the city feels like a journey through time, with each era leaving its distinctive mark. Must-Visit Historical Sites: - **Kastamonu Castle:** Offering panoramic views of the city and surrounding countryside, the castle's origins date back to the Byzant

Why Rules Are Important in Life Imagine you are playing a game, but there are no rules. How would you know how to win? Who decides what is fair? This is what life without rules would be like. Rules are very important in life, just like they are in games. They help us know what is okay to do and what is not. Let's talk about why rules are important. 1. Rules Keep Us Safe First, rules keep us safe. Think about traffic lights. They are rules for cars and people walking. Green means go, red means stop. If everyone followed their own rules, there would be a lot of accidents. So, rules on the road keep us safe. 2. Rules Help Us Get Along Next, rules help us get along with others. In school, there are rules about how to behave. These rules help make sure every student can learn without being bothered by others. At home, your family might have rules about sharing or bedtime. These help everyone in the family live together happily. 3. Rules Teach Us Right from Wrong Rules also teach us what

Sara, the Car Racer Once upon a time, there was a car racer named Sara. She loved to drive fast and feel the wind in her hair. Sara had a red car that was her pride and joy. Every weekend, she would race against other drivers at the local track. Sara was determined to be the best racer in town. She practiced every day, making sure to perfect her turns and speed. Her friends cheered her on as she zoomed past them, leaving a trail of dust behind. One day, Sara entered a big race against some of the fastest drivers in the country. She was nervous but excited for the challenge. As the race began, Sara's heart raced along with her car. She focused on the road ahead, pushing herself to go faster and faster. As the finish line approached, Sara could see victory within reach. With one final burst of speed, she crossed the finish line first, with a huge smile on her face. She had won the race and proved that hard work and determination could lead to success. From that day on, Sara was known

Oliver Twist  I recently read "Oliver Twist" by Charles Dickens and truly enjoyed it. It's a fascinating story about a young boy named Oliver Twist who lives in a world full of challenges and adventures. The book is set in 19th-century England and paints a vivid picture of the life of orphans and the underprivileged during that time. One of the things I loved about the book is how it combines drama, mystery, and humor. Despite the serious themes, Dickens has a way of bringing his characters to life with unique personalities and witty dialogue. Oliver, the main character, is especially memorable because of his innocence and determination to find a place where he belongs. The story takes many twists and turns, leading Oliver through dark and troubling times, but also moments of kindness and hope. It's a journey that shows the importance of perseverance and the impact of kindness from others. "Oliver Twist" is more than just a novel; it's a social commentar

  I've always looked up to people who've made a big difference in the world. You know, those who didn't just live their life without making waves but actually changed things for the better. I keep dreaming about being one of them, not because I want to be famous, but because I want to do something that really matters. I think being someone who changes the game isn't about doing something huge or being all over the news. It's about seeing something that's missing or a big problem that nobody's really fixing, and deciding that you're going to be the one who steps up. I want to come up with an idea, or maybe create something new, or just do a kind thing that makes people think differently and start doing things better. Sometimes, when I'm not sure I can do it, I remember that all those big changers were just regular people at first. They had their own fears, got knocked back a few times, and probably had times when they thought their ideas wouldn't