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The Peace of Westphalia

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The Emergence of the Modern International System — The Peace of Westphalia Introduction In 1648, a set of treaties called the Peace of Westphalia ended a long and destructive series of wars in Europe. These agreements are important because they helped create the modern international system — the way countries interact today. This article explains the Peace of Westphalia in simple English for learners. Background : Europe before Westphalia - Religious and political conflict : In the 16th and 17th centuries, Europe was torn by wars between Catholics and Protestants and by fights for power among rulers. - The Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648) : This was a major war mainly in the German lands. It involved many European powers and caused great destruction, famine, and population loss. - Need for peace : After so much suffering, European leaders wanted a lasting solution to stop wars and reduce religious conflict. What was the Peace of Westphalia? - A group of treaties : The Peace of Westphalia ...